积累一定的素材对于写作的帮助是非常大的，同学们一定要在平时也多多积累，考试时候才会得心应手地运用在自己的文章中。
一. 教育类
1 教育的目的和作用：Transmitting democratic values; create equality of opportunity; preparing new generations of citizens in society.
2 教育之生活技能：Logical thinking; analysis; creative problem solving; synthesis; oral communication; writing communication; interpersonal; leadership
3 道德教育：Honesty; fairness; self-discipline; fidelity to task, friends and family; personal responsibility; love of a country; belief in the principles of liberty; equality and freedom to practice one’s faith
4 人文教育：an ability to synthesize and relate; to weigh cause and effect; to see events in perspective; how to read, write and think; speak intelligently; get along with others; conceptualize problems
5 填鸭教育
二. 科技类
1 带来landfill: outdated devices, discarded chemicals, plastic packaging
2 带来out of work: automation contribute to out of work; the development of computers and transistors and the accompanying trend toward miniaturization
3 坏处：automobile exhausts, pesticides such as DDT threaten the food chain, mineral wastes pollute reservoirs of groundwater
4 好处：telecomuniting: because of the side effect relatively inferior, improve productivity, develop quantity management, reduce labor resourcefulness
5 双面性：as medicine both have side effect; however, people could not reject to receive them with more benefits
6 事例：国防军备，基因治疗疾病，机器人的工业用途，全球化;事业，个人隐私，伦理，社会不平等，文化落后，文化殖民，温室效应，饮水质量数量，灌溉用水，工业用水，发电，渔业，化学泄漏，核泄漏导致死亡，疾病
三. 竞争类
1 竞争的好处：in business: 电脑更先进，通讯更发达，价格更低;其他：挑战人类极限，促进学习，使社会民主
2 合作的好处：例子如篮球，建筑，修路;坏处：失去竞争;过度：合作垄??政府operate以免失去competition
3 合作竞争：co-opetition, a combination of cooperation and competition, is the delicate balance of cooperation and competition.
四. 社会问题
1 贫穷：由产于物产见得conflict，class discrimination and unequal opportunities, the social welfare system and affirmative action.
2 种族歧视：power and wealth 分不均造成的：个人自由，公民自由，权威的滥用;经济机会，社会活动，文盲，失业，无家可归，疾病。种族纯优化，种族隔离，制度不平等
3 反社会问题：犯罪，暴力，drugs, criminal justice system, 家庭不稳定，家庭暴力，学业不好，媒体影响，离婚
4 性别歧视：工作地方，职业，工资，教育
5 医疗健康问题：器官移植，基因治疗，安乐死化学潜在的危害、治病，消除饥饿
6 能源问题：污染—health risks, acid rain ,global warming, renewable
五 政治类
1 目的：产生，保持，扩大wealth, prosperity influence
2 道德与政治的异同:similarity: regulate or direct human behavior, 程度不同二者界限模糊，取决于社会矛盾，政治目标，道德可以政治化，政治可以道德化。
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