12.The physicist rightly dreads precise argument，since an argumentthat is convincing only if it is precise loses all its force if theassumptions on which it is based are slightly changed，whereas anargument that is convincing though imprecise may well be stable undersmall perturbations of its underlying assumptions.
物理学家恐惧于那些精确无误的论据不无道理，因为某种只有在它是精确无误的条件下才令人置信的论据，一旦它赖于建立其上的假设稍有变化，便会失去它一部的作用;而与此相反，一个尽管并不精确无误但却令人置信的论据，在其基本假设(underlyingassumption)稍微受干扰的情况下，仍然有可能是站得住脚的。
13.However，as they gained cohesion，the Bluestockings came toregard themselves as a women’s group and to possess a sense of femalesolidarity lacking in the salonnieres，who remained isolated from oneanother by the primacy each held in her own salon.
起初，蓝袜女们确实模仿了法国沙龙女主人，将男性襄括到其小圈子中来。然则，随着她们获得的凝聚力，她们渐趋将自己视作一女性团体，并拥有了一种妇女团结意识，而这种意识在法国沙龙女主人身上则荡然无存，因为她们每个人在其自己的沙龙中自视甚高而彼此孤立隔绝开来。
14.As my own studies have advanced，I have been increasinglyimpressed with the functional similarities between insect andvertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences thatseem，at first glance，to constitute such an immense gulf between them.
随着我的研究不断深入，我对昆虫和脊椎动物群落之间的功能类似性印象愈来愈深刻，而对结构上的差异印象愈发淡漠，虽然这些结构上的差异初看上去似乎构成了二者间一条无法愈越的鸿沟。
15. Although fiction assuredly springs from politicalcircumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways otherthan ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily asinstruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.
虽然小说无疑起源于政治情状，但其作者则是以非意识形态的方式对这些政治情状作出反应的，而将小说和故事主要地当作意识形态的工具来探讨，会在相当程度上阻碍小说事业。
16.Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of，or trying toforge，a different kind of aesthetic?
这究竟是一种缺陷呢，或者是否表明，这些作者是在按照一种与众不同的美学体系进行创作，抑或是在试图创立一种与众不同的美学体系?
17.Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels，bringing to ourattention in the process some fascinating and little-known works likeJames Weldon Johnson’s Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.
《黑人小说》考察了极为广泛的一系列小说，在此过程中让我们注意到了某些引人入胜但却鲜为人知的作品，如詹姆斯。韦尔登。约翰逊(James WeldonJohnson)的《一个曾经是有色人的自传》(Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man)。
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