难易程度：★★
题目题材：保健
gre argument 168题目：
Typically, as people age, their bone mass decreases, making them more vulnerable to bone fractures. A recent study concludes that the most effective way(9) to reduce the risk of fractures in later life is to take twice the recommended dose of vitamin D and calcium daily(10). The three-year study followed a group of French women(1,2) in their eighties who were nursing-home residents. The women were given daily supplements of twice the recommended dose of vitamin D and calcium. In addition, the women participated in a light weightlifting program(5). After three years, these women showed a much lower rate(3) of hip fractures(6) than is average for their age(4,7,8).
提纲：
(1)The study only followed female sample, thus the effectiveness of the treatment on male could not be assessed.
(2)The group of French women may not represent the general population.
(3)The author does not inform us the physical condition of the French women before they participated in the study, thus we cannot evaluate the actual effect of vitamin D and calcium on aged people.
(4)The author fails to illustrate that it is the intake of vitamin D and calcium that helped lowering the rate of hip fractures among the French women.
(5)The author fails to rule out the light weightlifting program and other factors as the cause of the lower rate of hip fractures among these women.
(6)We do not know the level of incidence of other kind of bone fractures among these women, thus the effect of the treatment cannot be efficiently evaluated.
(7)Without another group of similar women were included as a counterpart, the reliability of the study is not guaranteed.
(8)Lacking any subsequent studies of the health status, especially levels of bone fractures of these women in the following years, we could not hastily conclude that the treatment is effective to reduce the risk.
(9)The author ignores other effective ways to reduce the risk of fractures in later life.
(10)The author fails to analyze if there is any negative effect of taking more vitamin D and calcium than recommended dose on old people’s health.
注：题目中括号里的数字表明这句话体现的是提纲中第几号缺陷。
无论是gre issue还是gre argument，考生都应该养成写提纲的习惯。这种提纲式的gre写作练习可以帮助考生锻炼写作的逻辑性，而gre写作高分最重要的得分依据就是作文的逻辑性要强。希望大家都能写出好作文。
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