三、图表写作常用语言
1、描述数字比较的常用句型及词汇
谈论数字比较的技巧:
a、两者的比较
寻求一个切入点(比较大的值),随后与另一个值进行比较。通过数值强调比较的差值。比较有三种表示方法:
第一种:直接展示法
e.g. 王浩 6:7马琳 (The score of Mr. Wang is 6, compared with 7, that of Mr. Ma. )
第二种:减法subtraction (more, less, fewer)
The score of Mr. Ma is 7, 1 more than that of Mr. Wang. 7 = 1+(6)
第三种:寻找倍数 times
e.g. Mr. Chow’s IQ 80: 160 Mr. foot‘s IQ
Mr. Foot’s IQ reaches 160, 2 times (double) Mr. Chow’s IQ.
Mr. Wang Yi’s popularity 20%: 10% Mr. Tao’s popularity
Water consumption in Brazil and Congo in 2000
Country |
Population |
Irrigated land |
Water consumption per person |
Brazil |
176 million |
26,500 km2 |
359 m3 |
Democratic Republic of Congo |
5.2 million |
100 km2 |
8 m3 |
In 2000, the water consumption per person of Brazil with 176 million people reached 359 m3, compared with 8 m3, that of Democratic Republic of Congo at the population of 5.2 million. The area of irrigated land in the former was found 26,500 km2, 265 times that of the latter.
NB:在描述的过程中,始终要记得名词需要配合量词使用(因为服务对象是数字)。此外,因为比较同样的对象,因此比较的前后在词性必须保持一致。如:The percentage of Brazil is more than Congo.这样的句子就是一种错误。
b、三者或三者以上的比较
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.
Family type |
Proportion of people from each household type living in poverty |
single aged person aged couple single, no children couple, no children sole parent couple with children all households |
6%(54,000) 4%(48,000) 19%(359,000) 7%(211,000) 21%(232,000) 12%(933,000) 11%(1,837,000) |
题目特点:比较数值众多(3者以上,应用最高级),基线明显(黑体字,起作用是其他的数值的比较对象,并帮助我们进行数字分类)。
所有的数值代表的是在某一种特定的家庭中贫困人数的比例 (The percentage of people from … in poverty)
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