雅思写作真题和解析-2012.11.17

2012年11月17日雅思写作考试

A类Task1

图表类型	曲线图（动态）
作文题目	The graph below shows the estimated annual earning of men, women with children and women without children in different age groups in the UK.
要素回忆	3条曲线，分别是英国男性，有孩子的女性和无孩子的女性的收入变化。
写作指导	先写横比，即三种人群中就业率的高低比较，然后写纵比，即三种人群的就业率随着年龄增长出现的变化。
类似真题	剑5 Test 1，剑6 Test 1

A类Task2

作文题目	In the past, people used to travel abroad to look many differences from their home country. Nowadays, the sceneries in places all over the world are more and more similar. What are the causes of the similarities? Do you think the advantages of this similarity outweigh the disadvantages?
题目翻译	在过去，人们曾经周游世界来看与本国的不同之处。如今，世界各地的景色变得越来越相似。这种相似的原因是什么？你认为它的好处大于坏处吗？
话题分类	文化、旅游与全球化类
题型类别	混搭（原因+利弊分析）
是否旧题	同2009年8月29日的话题。
写作指导	本题看似是旅游话题，实为文化全球化类话题。正文可用5段式写法，正文第一段写这种相似产生的原因，第二段写这种现象的好处，第三段写坏处。结论段交代自己的观点，即这种相似总体上来说是好的，但是各国应当重视保护本国的文化。 参考思路：Causes:1.     二战以后世界各国城市的大规模扩张massive urban sprawl使得城市发展空间紧张，因此需要建设大量现代化的高楼skyscrapers。2.     文化全球化cultural globalization 导致各国之间的文化同化cultural assimilation. Pros:1.     增进了不同文化之间的了解，减少了旅行者的适应时间，减少了“文化休克”cultural shock的出现。 Cons:1.     大量新建筑的出现使得“千城一面”，减少了游客对当地的好奇心curiosity，从而减少了一定数量的游客。2.     减少文化多样性cultural diversity，使得少数民族文化minority cultures 处于濒临灭绝的境地be on the verge of extinction. Conclusion:In the final analysis, the similarities of different places in the world are an inevitable outcome caused by modernization and cultural globalization. Although this trend does bring people closer, it poses a threat to cultural diversity and the preservation of minority cultures. Therefore, it is suggested that urban planners should strike a balance between city development and cultural preservation.

G类：

小作文：The multi-line (3 lines) graph shows the different incomes between males and females with or without children in different age group.（3条曲线，分别是英国男性，有孩子的女性和无孩子的女性的收入变化。）

大作文：In the past, people used to travel abroad to look many differences from their home country. Nowadays, the sceneries in places all over the world are more and more similar. What are the causes of the similarities? Do you think the advantages of this similarity outweigh the disadvantages?（在过去，人们曾经周游世界来看与本国的不同之处。如今，世界各地的景色变得越来越相似。这种相似的原因是什么?你认为它的好处大于坏处吗?）

思路分析：这题和2009年8月29日的题目非常相似，只是前者专注于建筑，后者谈论范围更宽而已。世界各国的相似性除了体现在建筑上，还有流行音乐，服装，食物等。

Many people went abroad to see what other countries look like. However, the places all around the world now are looking more and more similar. What do you think are the reasons? Do you think the advantages of this effect outweigh the disadvantages? 2009.08.29

这两道题都是混合题型，即第一问是特殊疑问句，属于report题型；第二问属于优劣势题型。

提纲：

第一段：介绍话题，世界各国的建筑倾向于雷同,无法体现文化差异。

第二段：分析原因。1 世界范围的人口增长和城市化进程加快，要求建筑的空间利用更高效;2 国际交流增加，彼此互相借鉴建筑的经验;包括材料与技术的共享。

第三段：坏处：1 建筑失去民族和地方特色2 破坏旅游吸引力3 文化归属感降低

第四段：总结：科技提高效率的同时，破坏了文化的多元性。

范文：

In our modern world, when travelling in a foreign city, especially a metropolis, whatever New York, Beijing or Sydney, sight viewers may be disappointed at the buildings and the city scenery which are similar to those at home and have few attractive elements. I think population explosion and modern technology should be mainly responsible for this.

Since the world population started toaccelerate in the 19th century, the demand for housing has been a serious issue and rapid urbanization in some countries deteriorates this problem. Buildings of traditional styleoccupied large space and cost plenty on aesthetic decorations and designs. By contrast, skyscrapers function better in terms of space, material construction efficiency. Modern building technologies and materials are standardized to a great extent due to international business and trade. One example is the air-conditioner which excludes the consideration for the climates in the high or low latitude. On top of it, the city structures have the tendency of resemblances, featuring shopping malls, name-brand stores andboutiques, headquarters of multinational companies, franchise restaurants, and chains of standardized hotels. These characters reflect the global market needs.

However, the achievement of architecture inaccommodation capacity harms its diversity and distinction.Contemporary architectures cannot reflect adistinctive culture or local geographic characters as they used to. Beijing Hu Tong and Siheyuanrepresent a traditional lifestyle—neighborhood and harmony, which however, are totally lost in high rises where people do not know their neighbors any more. Such similarity in buildings and other areas meanwhile such as pop music and fashion undoubtedly blur people’s racial and national identity and sense of belonging. Tourist attraction is alsoimpaired and therefore tourism can be affected negatively.

To conclude the analysis above, technologies used in architecture achieve the maximum space available, solidity and cost efficiency. But meantime it erases local and racial distinctiveness. Globalization tends to result in similarity in many aspect of our human society when we pursue high effectiveness and efficiency. 

词汇拓展：

1. accelerate 加速

2. deteriorates 恶化

3. occupy 占据

4. aesthetic 美学的

5. skyscraper 高楼大厦

6. exclude 排除

7. pursue 追求

8. resemblance 相似

9. feature 特征是

10. boutique 服装店

11. franchise 特许经营

12. architecture 建筑

13. accommodation 容纳

14. capacity 容量

15. Contemporary 现代的

16. reflect 反应

17. distinctive 不同的

18. represent 代表

19. blur 使…模糊

20. identity 认同

21. impair 消弱

22. solidity 坚固

23. erase 抹去

24. tendency 倾向性

G类详细解析：

Task 1	信件类别	求职信
	要素回忆	You saw an advertisement about a project which will help protect the environment. Write a letter to the organizer. Tell him/her why you are interested, what you can do to help them, and when you can help.
Task 2	考试题目	Public celebrations will cost a lot of money. Some people think governments should spend money on other useful things. Do you agree or disagree?
	题目翻译	公共庆典将耗费很多钱。一些人认为政府应该把钱花在其它有用的事情上。你同意还是不同意？
	话题类别	政府类

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