常远新托福写作真经----2012年12月01日北美真题——解答篇

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新托福综合写作:2012年12月01日北美真题——解答篇

解题4步骤

1. 阅读短文,抓关键信息

The archaeological site located in the north-east of England, discoveredin 1939, is considered by many to be thegrave of King Raedwald.Raedwald was a prominent king of the East Anglia, one of several Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in Great Britain in the post-Roman centuries before theNorman Conquest. A number of considerations support this deduction.

A pair of spoons found in the luxurious grave can be reliably dated to A.D.620by modern technology. Since Raedwald is generally thought to havedied in A.D. 624, the likelihood is high that the spoons and the grave are allhis. East Anglia, moreover, was a fairly small kingdom, so there could nothave been a great many important persons all dying at the same time.

Second,the spoons were engraved with the names Augustine andPaulinus. Both of these figures were well-known Roman Catholicmissionariesat the time. This makes the inference likely that the spoonswere a baptismal gift. This is highly significant because Raedwald isknown to have converted to Catholicismat the behest of Augustinearound A.D. 597. It should be remembered too that at this time Catholickings or noblemen were a distinct minority in Britain. Therefore, we cansafely conclude that the grave occupant is King Raedwald.

Last, the grave is very luxurious. Anglo-Saxon England was a poorcountrywith a low standard of living. Clearly the occupant of the gravelived at the very pinnacle of his society. This, taken together with theother evidence, argues compellingly that the grave is King Raedwald’s.

2. 记笔记,转述关键信息

假说

【原文摘要】north-east of England, grave of King Raedwald

【笔记转述】The reading passage gives several deductions to support the discovery of a grave found in the north-east of England that belongs to King Raedwald.

根据1

【原文摘要】spoons / A.D. 620 by tech~

Rae~ ×/ A.D. 624 →his

【笔记转述】The date of a pair of spoons is identified by technology to be around A.D. 620, while King Raedwald died in A.D. 624. Therefore, the occupant of the grave is King Raedwald.

根据2

【原文摘要】spoons / name / Catholic mission~

gift →Rae~ →Catholicism

【笔记转述】The spoons engraved with the names of two Catholic missionaries indicated that they might be gifts to Raedwald, because the king converted to Catholicism.

根据3

【原文摘要】grave luxurious & England poor

∴king

【笔记转述】The grave is luxurious; however, the north-east of England at that time was poor. So its occupant must be a king or a nobleman.

3. 听讲座,抓关键信息

Did you enjoy today’s reading? I did, and I even hope its conclusions are correct. But as archaeologists, we take nothing on trust and try to back every claim with evidence. So when we take a closer look at the evidence, we find that the grave found in the north-east of Englandmight not belong to King Raedwald. And some archaeologists have the following considerations.

First, let’s look at those spoons. You should know that the technology used for dating those spoons might not be reliable. Other technologies have identified that the spoons date back to twenty-five years after Raedwald died. Plus, we know the historical records regarding the year of his death are not entirely accurate. Some records say that the king did not die in A.D. 624. The time is suspiciously accurate. Therefore, those spoons could have belonged to other important East Anglican nobleman of the period.

The same goes for the names. Bishops like Augustine and Paulinus at the time typically gave such gifts to important converts. Nothing specifically links them to King Raedwald. Also, some archaeologists suggest that the spoons which were Catholic artifacts do not prove their dead owner was a Catholic. Maybe the spoons were funeral objects the missionaries gave to any tomb occupant, and not necessarily to King Raedwald alone.

The fact that the grave is luxurious does not strongly support the claim that the grave is Raedwald’s. We have access to relatively few noblemen’s graves from this period. And, sadly, most of them were plundered by robbers. So we have very little to compare this grave with. Maybe there were others just as rich or richer. The evidence scarcely implies that the grave was necessarily that of the king.

4. 记笔记,转述关键信息

反驳

【原文摘要】grave ×King’s

【笔记转述】The grave is not King Raedwald’s.

理由1

【原文摘要】tech~ ×靠

spoon 25 yr after Rae~ ×

yr death ×准

【笔记转述】The technology might not be reliable. The spoons have also been dated to twenty-five years after the king died.

理由2

【原文摘要】spoons = gifts →☆converts

×→King

【笔记转述】The spoons engraved with two missionaries’ names might be gifts to anybody who converted to Catholicism, not necessarily King Raedwald.

理由3

【原文摘要】奢grave×→Rae~

maybe others / rich

【笔记转述】The luxurious grave might not be the king’s. Perhaps there used to be other rich noblemen buried in such a grave.

答题模板和标准范文

下面我们来研究如何整理阅读和听力讲座中的主要内容,然后组织成一篇文章。

1. 答题模板

Introduction

In the lecture the professor questions the reading passage’s assertion of 阅读短文中的假说The professor puts forth the idea that 讲座中的反驳

Body paragraphs

Firstly, the reading passage mentions that 阅读短文中的假说根据1However, the professor suggests that 讲座中的反驳理由1

Secondly, the reading passage cites that 阅读短文中的假说根据2But the professor says that 讲座中的反驳理由2

Lastly, the reading passage says that 阅读短文中的假说根据3The professor rebuts this by saying that 讲座中的反驳理由3

2. 标准范文

假说In the lecture the professor questions the reading passage’s assertion of three deductions that support the discovery of a grave found in the north-east of England that belongs to King Raedwald. 反驳The professor puts forth the idea that the grave is not necessarily King Raedwald’s

假说根据1 Firstly, the reading passage mentions that a pair of spoons identified by archaeological technology indicated its date around A.D. 620, while King Raedwald died in A.D. 624. Therefore, the occupant of the grave is very likely to be King Raedwald. 反驳理由1 However, the professor suggests that the technology might not be reliable. The spoons have also been dated to twenty-five years after the king died.

假说根据2 Secondly, the reading passage cites that the spoons engraved with the names of two Catholic missionaries indicated that they might be gifts to Raedwald, because the king converted to Catholicism. 反驳理由2 But the professor says that the spoons engraved with two missionaries’ names might be gifts to anybody who converted to Catholicism, and not necessarily King Raedwald.

假说根据3 Lastly, the reading passage says that the grave is luxurious; however, the north-east of England at that time was poor. So its occupant must be a king or a nobleman.反驳理由3 The professor rebuts this by saying that the luxurious grave simply might not be the king’s. Perhaps there used to be other rich noblemen buried in such a grave.

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